I am currently using hashlib library in python to encrypt a URL using SHA256. Following is the code.

import hashliburl='https://booking.com'hs = hashlib.sha256(url.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()print(hs) # 037c89f2570ac1cff92d67643f570bec93ebea7f0222e105616590a9673be21f

Now, I want to decrypt and get back the url. Can someone tell me how to do this?

I'm trying to encrypt a string to HMAC SHA256 within raw javascript using a web-hosted library but it doesn't seem to work.I'm trying to do this to call the Coinbase API. You need to give a few values with the GET request including a Signature, which is where I am experiencing problems. The signature needs to be HMAC SHA256 encrypted. The signature should include the following:

The CB-ACCESS-SIGN header is generated by creating a sha256 HMAC using the secret key on the prehash string timestamp + method + requestPath + body (where + represents string concatenation). The timestamp value is the same as the CB-ACCESS-TIMESTAMP header.

The body is the request body string or omitted if there is no request body (typically for GET requests).

The method should be UPPER CASE.

What I think they are saying is that I can leave out the body because it's a GET request.

My code is the following:

The HTML library call:

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/js-sha256/0.9.0/sha256.js"></script>

The Javascript Encryption and GET request:

url = "https://api.coinbase.com/v2/accounts"var xmlHttp1 = new XMLHttpRequest();xmlHttp1.open( "GET", "https://api.coinbase.com/v2/time", false);xmlHttp1.send( null )ts = xmlHttp1.responseText;var ts1 = JSON.parse(ts)var message = ts1.data.epoch + "GET" + url + ""sha256(message);var hash = sha256.hmac.create('key');var xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();xmlHttp.open( "GET", url, false ); // false for synchronous requestxmlHttp.setRequestHeader("CB-ACCESS-KEY", "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX");xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("CB-ACCESS-TIMESTAMP", ts1.data.epoch);xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("CB-ACCESS-SIGN", hash);xmlHttp.send( null );

The coinbase API is responding with:

{"errors":[{"id":"authentication_error","message":"invalid signature"}]}

meaning that everything is correct, except for the signature.

Thanks.

Description

I'm looking to hash a string locally with SHA256 in Javascript.I've been looking around thinking there would be some sort of official library or function,but all I found were loads of different projects, each with different scripts, and I'm not so sure scripts to trust (as I'm not an expert and definitely not qualified to evaluate them) or how to implement them.EDIT: I need the output in text, not hexes, sorry if I didn't explain that when posting the original question.

Code

Here's what I've tried so far:

async function sha256(message) {  // encode as UTF-8  const msgBuffer = new TextEncoder('utf-8').encode(message);  // hash the message  const hashBuffer = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', msgBuffer);  // convert ArrayBuffer to Array  const hashArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(hashBuffer));  // convert bytes to hex string  const hashHex = hashArray.map(b => ('00' + b.toString(16)).slice(-2)).join('');  console.log(hashHex);  return hashHex;}sha256(passwordInput); 

Console Output:

Uncaught (in promise) TypeError: Cannot read property 'digest' of undefined

I'm new to javascript and I'm open to all suggestions, so yeah.

I've been since yesterday trying a lot of the "solutions" on StackOverflow, but none seems to work.Given a .pfx certificate with a private key I need to sign a byte array (firmware version of the tracking unit we use).Here are the things I've tried:

private byte[] generateSignature(byte[] data, X509Certificate2 certificate)    {        RSACryptoServiceProvider key = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();        key.FromXmlString(certificate.PrivateKey.ToXmlString(true));        return key.SignData(data, CryptoConfig.MapNameToOID("SHA256"));}

And also:

private byte[] generateSignature(byte[] data, X509Certificate2 certificate)    {        string alg = CryptoConfig.MapNameToOID("SHA256");        RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaProvider = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)certificate.PrivateKey;        return rsaProvider.SignData(orig, alg);}

And also:

private byte[] generateSignature(byte[] data, X509Certificate2 certificate){    using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())    {            byte[] hash;            using (SHA256 sha256 = SHA256.Create())            {                hash = sha256.ComputeHash(data);            }            RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(rsa);            RSAFormatter.SetKey(certificate.PrivateKey);            RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA256");            return RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(hash);}

And finally:

private byte[] generateSignature(byte[] data, X509Certificate2 certificate){        RSACryptoServiceProvider csp = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)certificate.PrivateKey;        SHA1Managed sha1 = new SHA1Managed();        SHA256Managed sha256 = new SHA256Managed();        byte[] hash = sha256.ComputeHash(data);        csp.SignHash(hash, CryptoConfig.MapNameToOID("SHA256"));}

On all of these I get the error:

System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException: 'Invalid algorithm specified.'

I know my key is 256hash compatible because I've used the command:

openssl x509 -in C:\cert.pfx -text -noout

And the Signature Algorithm was sha256WithRSAEncryption.

I'm trying to use hashlib to hash a byte array, but I can't get the hash to match what I am expecting (by confirming the answer with online SHA256 functions).

Here's how I'm doing the hash:

hashedData = hashlib.sha256(input[0:32]).hexdigest()print('hash = ', hashedData)

Before I do the hash, I print out the hex digest for the input data:

print('input = ', input[0:32].hex())

When I compare with several online sha256 functions, the output doesn't match. For this example, the correct hash should be:

What am I doing wrong?